Analecta Cracoviensia, 1981, T. 13

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Przeglądaj Analecta Cracoviensia, 1981, T. 13 wg Autor "Skrzydlewski, Władysław Bernard"

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    Moralne i społeczne wymiary nauki Kościoła o regulacji poczęć (Po kontrowersjach dwudziestolecia 1958–1978)
    Skrzydlewski, Władysław Bernard (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 1981)
    I. At the basis of the controversies on conception control there were: 1. Changes in understanding of meaning and aims of marriage; 2. Spread of the consumptive and contraceptive attitudes in the Western society; 3. Increase of publicity and production of the contraceptives. II. The. Church’s teaching before the encyclical Humanae vitae was criticized by the erroneous arguments like: 1. It is possible to exclude procreation from the actual aims of marriage; 2. One may choose the lesser of two evils in conception control; 3. It is the whole marital life which has to be evaluated and not its every act; 4. Use of technology has a positive meaning; 5. The natural methods are also contraceptive methods. III. The Church’s teaching expressed in the encyclical Humanae vitae condemned these erroneous theses and developed a threefold argumentation against the contraceptives and for the natural methods. IV. Reaction to the encyclical was mainly negative in the Western countries. Her binding force and the competence of the pope have been put in question (1). The encyclical’s argumentation has been criticized from the point of view of its contents (2) and methodology (3). Efficacity and harmlessness of the methods of conception control have been proposed as the only valid moral criteria in the matter (4). It has been objected that the encyclical has provoked some negative pastoral effects (5). As a consequence of this, the arguments condemned by the encyclical have been repeated. V. In the reply to the objections it has been demonstrated that: 1. The encyclical’s norms are endowed with the obligatory and binding force. 2. No one can be relieved from the moral responsibility for his/her every act. 3. Contraception constitutes a kind of degeneration and dehumanisation of man’s action, while use of the natural methods is required by the anthropological structure of creature. 4. The criterion of efficacity, though a subsidiary one only, speaks for the natural methods. 5. So does the criterion of harmlessness, despite the baseless reproaches of B. Haring. VI. Some others reproaches to the natural methods have been attempted with theological (arg. 1), philosophical (arg. 2) and pastoral (arg. 3) argumentations, which are proved to be wrong. VII. A new argumentation for the natural methods is related to the one of Humanae vitae which remained unnoticed by the critics of the encyclical. It is based on the dynamic approach of the developmental psychology: contraception favours the development of egoism and destruction of marriage, while use of the natural methods leads to the development of the mutual love of the spouses and to the better accomplishment of their parental tasks. VIH. Prospectives for the future are hardly optimistic because of the situation in the Western countries – contestation of the Church’s official teaching (1) and its causes: unwillingness of the people in the West for personal renouncements and organizational efforts in the matter of family planning (2), tendency of the theologians to justify such attitudes, and pressures of the industry producing the contraceptives (3). In the Polish Church there is a vaste pedagogical and organizational activity in the field of the family planning, but it should be increased and intensified because of the nocive influence of the Western mentality and thinking (4).